Postal Assistant and Shorting Assistant Mock Test

For details
Contact No :8013228925

Banking in India

Banking in India

• The first bank established in India was Bank of Hindustan, which was started in 1770. Second was The General Bank of India, which started in 1786.
• The oldest bank still in existence in India is the State Bank of India. It was originated in the Bank of Calcutta in June 1806. Bank of Bengal, Bank of Bombay and Bank of Madras, these three banks merged in 1921 to form the Imperial Bank of India, which was converted as State Bank of India in 1955.
• The first Indian bank to have been started solely with Indian capital investment is Punjab National Bank.
• The first Indian bank to open overseas branch is Bank of India. It established a branch in London in 1946.

Things to Know about India

Things to Know about India

•  Fundamental Rights to Indian Citizens

§  Right to Equality

§  Right to Freedom

§  Right against Exploitation

§  Right to Freedom of Religion

§  Cultural and Educational Rights

§  Right to Constitutional Remedies

Delhi Metro Rail Recruitment 2014 Apply Online (1194 Non-Executive Vacancies)

Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Limited (DMRC) invites applications from young, dynamic and motivated persons of Indian nationality for filling up following Non-Executive posts in DMRC. Eligible candidates are required to fill Online Registration from on or before 14th April 2014.

Marketing Material for SBI PO Exam - Part 1

Marketing Material for SBI PO Exam - Part 1

Marketing

Marketing is nothing but to Tell about your product and to sell it. The technical definition is

“Marketing is the process of planning and executing the concepts, pricing, promotion and distribution of ideas/goods/services to satisfy individual's/organizational”.

Marketing Aptitude for Bank PO and Bank Clerk Exams

Marketing Aptitude for Bank PO Bank Clerk Exams

1. In ‘Double-win’ strategy-

(a) Customer gets an additional benefit

(b) Customer gets price debate.

(c) Both customs and the sales person come out with sense of satisfaction

(d) Both (a) and (b)

Ans: (b)

Marketing Abbreviation

Marketing Abbreviation

Here are some important Abbreviations of Marketing. These may helpful to you for Bank Exams. Especially SBI Probationary Officers (PO) and Clerical Exams.

ATM – Automated Teller Machine.

BEP – Break Even Point.

BPO – Business Process Outsourcing.

CRM – Customer Relationship Management.

CNP – Cardholder Not Present.

EOQ – Economic Order quality.

FDR – Fixed Deposit Receipts.

GDP – Gross Domestic Product.

HNI – High Networth Individual.

IDRA – Industries Development and Regulation Act.

IPO – Initial Public Offering.

M & A – Mergers & Acquisitions.

MR – Marginal Revenue.

PAN – Permanent Account Number.

PIN – Personal Identification Number.

SEO – Search Engine Optimization.

SEBI – Securities Exchange Board of India.

ROA – Return on Assets.

VAT – Value Added Tax.

VAT – Value Added Tax.

SBI PO Exam Notification 2014

Banking Hub

forthcoming Examination

Name of Examination	Qualification	Subjects	Time	Age	Last Date	Date of Examination
sbi po	degree	pHASE:1: oNLINE (200 marks) (1) Reasoning (High Level) (50) (2) Data Analysis&Interpretation (50) (3)English Language (Grammar, Vocabulary, Comprehension etc.)(50) (4) General Awareness, Marketing&Computers(50)	2.00 hrs.	21-30 Years as on 01/04/2014	25/04/2014	June 2014 (Tentatively)
		PHASE:2 :offline(50 marks) (1) English Language (comprehension, short précis, letter writing &essay)	1.00 hrs

On-line registration of application : 07.04.2014 TO 25.04.2014

Payment of fee :On line 07.04.2014 TO 25.04.2014

Payment of fee : Off line 10.04.2014 TO 28.04.2014


Source:https://www.sbi.co.in/

Engineering Services Examination(UPSC)

Name: Engineering Service Examination 2014

Qualification : B.E/B.Tech (Civil, Mechanical,Electrical,Electronics)
How to apply :Interested and eligible candidates may apply through online. Link 
Date:Last Date of Receipt Application Forms :21.04.2014
For More Details:Click Here

Source: UPSC

Assistant Sub Inspector [West Bengal(Excise)] Mock Test

ASI WB Mock Test

Assistant Sub Inspector [West Bengal(Excise)] 

For Mock Test(offline) or Sample Paper please contact here as early as possible

Contact Person- Saikat Mitra
Contact No - 8013228925
Email Id- askmitraet@gmail.com

HEADQUARTERS OF WORLD ORGANISATIONS

HEADQUARTERS OF WORLD ORGANISATIONS

• The head quarter of Food and Agriculture Organization is in Rome (Italy).
• The head quarter of International Atomic Energy Agency is in Vienna (Austria).
• The heal quarter of International Civil Aviation Organization is in Montréal (Canada).
• The head quarter of International Fund for Agricultural Development is in Rome (Italy).
• The head quarter of International Labor Organization is in Geneva (Switzerland).
• The head quarter of International Monetary Fund is in Washington (USA).
• The head quarter of International Maritime Organization is in London (UK).
• The head quarter of International Telecommunication Union is in Geneva (Switzerland).
• The head quarter of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is in Paris (France).
• The head quarter of United Nations Industrial Development Organization is in Vienna (Austria).
• The head quarter of Universal Postal Union is in Berne (Switzerland).
• The head quarter of World Health Organization is in Geneva (Switzerland).
• The head quarter of World Intellectual Property Organization is in Geneva (Switzerland).
• The head quarter of World Meteorological Organization is in Geneva (Switzerland).
• The head quarter of World Bank or IBRD is in Washington (USA).
• The head quarter of World Trade Organization is in Geneva (Switzerland).
• The head quarter of United Nation Development Program is in New York (USA).
• The head quarter of United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees is in Geneva (Switzerland).
• The head quarter of United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund is in New York (USA).
• The head quarter of United Nations Relief and Works Agency is in Vienna (Austria).
• Head quarters of WWF are in Vienna, Austria.
• SAARC was formed in December, 1985.
• SAARC Human Resource Development Centre is located at Islamabad.
• HQ of Universal Postal Union is in Berne.
• New Zealand’s Don McKinnon is the first secretary general of commonwealth.
• First Islamic Summit was held at Rabat in 1969. 
• Second Islamic Summit was held at Lahore in 1974.
• 1n 1948 the UN drawn up a charter of civil and political rights.
• First Secretary General of UN was Tregav Lee of Norway.
• Kofi Anan got noble peace price in 2001.
• UNO world was coined by F.D Roosevelt.
• Kofi Anan is the 7th Secretary General of UNO.
• What was the first country to leave the United Nations-Indonesia
• Don McKinnon is the secretary General of Commonwealth.
• The term of the judges of the international court of justice is 9 years.
• ILO is not an organ of the UN.
• First city to be placed under UN was Sarajevo.
• The UN observed 1998 as the human rights year with the theme “ All Human Rights for All”.
• ICJ has 15 judges, any two of whom cannot be of the same nationality.
• Myanmar is not a member of SAARC.
• UN Charter was signed on June 26, 1945 and came into force on October 24, 1945.
• Olive Branch is the emblem of the U.N.
• Five permanent members of U.N Security Council are China, France, Russia, UK and US.
• UN Security Council has five permanent and 10 non-permanent members.
• Bangladesh is not a member of ASEAN.
• As per SAFTA agreement, India, Pakistan & Sri Lanka have to decrease their custom duties to 0-5% by 2013.
• Estonia is not a member of CIS.
• Portuguese is not an official language of UN.
• ICJ has issued the arrest warrant of ... Omar al Basher of Sudan 
• The United States of America has used its veto power more than any other permanent member
• G-7 is the group of seven rich industralial nations- Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan and the US.
• The UNO originated during the second world war.Its charter was drawn up from 25th April to 26th June, 1945 at San Francisco which was signed by 51 countries.
• In 1971 the people republic of china was given membership of UNO by expelling Taiwan.
• The UN Industrial Development Organization has its headquarters at Vienna.
• Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted in 1948.
• Initially, Arab league has seven countries.
• Headquarter of Arab League is located in Cairo. Arab League was established on 22nd March 1945.
• Amnesty International was established in London by the British Lawyer, Peter Benenson in 1961
• The International court of justice was constituted on 26th June 1945
• The Charter of United Nations consists of 111 articles.
• The Common Wealth of Australia came into existence in 1901.
• Article 55 of the UN Charter promotes international Human Rights.
• Territorial waters traditionally are recognized to extend how far from a state’s coastline? 12 miles.
• A state’s executive economic zone (EEZ) is recognized to extend how far from the coastline? 12 miles
• ECOSOC has been established under chapter 10 of the UN charter
• United Arab Emirates is a federation of 7 Emirates.
• Switzerland joined the UN during 2002.
• African Development Bank was established in 1964.
• The principal organs of United Nations are Six.
• United Nations spends a lion’s share of its budget on Refugees rehabilitations
• The UNO originated during the Second World War. Its charter was drawn up from 25th April to 26th June, 1945 at San Francisco which was signed by 51 countries.
• What famous battle was fought at Pancenoit-Waterloo - (four miles away)
• Transparency International is based in Berlin.
• Where is the headquarter of the Amnesty International located: London
• Arab Magrib Union consists of Five States.
• Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted in 1948.
• ESCAP is Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific. Its head office is at Bangkok. 
• Human Right Watch dog headquarter is in.. New York 
• In which city World Economic forum usually holds its meetings? The World Economic Forum (WEF) is a Geneva-based non-profit foundation best known for its annual meeting in Davos, Switzerland

RBI Details

RBI
Headquarters	Mumbai, Maharashtra
Established	1 April 1935
Governor	Raghuram Rajan
Currency	Indian rupee
Reserves	US$ 302.1 billion
Bank rate	9.5%
Interest on reserves	4.00%
Website	http://www.rbi.org.in

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is India's central banking institution, which controls the monetary policy of the Indian rupee. It was established on 1 April 1935 during the British Raj in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. Following India's independence in 1947, the RBI was nationalised in the year 1949.

The RBI plays an important part in the development strategy of the Government of India.

It is a member bank of the Asian Clearing Union. The general superintendence and direction of the RBI is entrusted with the 21-member-strong Central Board of Directors—the Governor (currently Raghuram Rajan), four Deputy Governors, two Finance Ministry representative, ten government-nominated directors to represent important elements from India's economy, and four directors to represent local boards headquartered at Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai and New Delhi. Each of these local boards consists of five members who represent regional interests, as well as the interests of co-operative and indigenous banks.

The Reserve Bank of India was founded on 1 April 1935 to respond to economic troubles after the First World War. It began according to the guidelines laid down by Dr. Ambedkar. RBI was conceptualized as per the guidelines, working style and outlook presented by Ambedkar in front of the Hilton Young Commission.

Central Board of Directors

The Central Board of Directors is the main committee of the central bank. The Government of India appoints the directors for a four-year term. The Board consists of a governor, four deputy governors, fifteen directors to represent the regional boards, one from the Ministry of Finance and ten other directors from various fields.

Governors

The current Governor of RBI is Raghuram Rajan. There are four deputy governors, Deputy Governor K C Chakrabarty, Anand Sinha , H R Khan and Urjit Patel . Deputy Governor K C Chakrabarty's term has been extended further by 2 years. Subir Gokarn was replaced by Urjit Patel in January 2013.

Supportive bodies

The Reserve Bank of India has ten regional representations: North in New Delhi, South in Chennai, East in Kolkata and West in Mumbai. The representations are formed by five members, appointed for four years by the central government and serve—beside the advice of the Central Board of Directors—as a forum for regional banks and to deal with delegated tasks from the central board. The institution has 22 regional offices.

Offices and branches

The Reserve Bank of India has four zonal offices. It has 19 regional offices at most state capitals and at a few major cities in India. Few of them are located

in Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Bhopal, Bhubaneswar, Chandigarh, Chennai, Delhi, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Jaipur,Jammu, Kanpur, Kolkata, Lucknow, Mumbai, Nagpur, Patna, and Thiruvananthapuram. Besides it has 09 sub-offices at Agartala, Dehradun, Gangtok, Kochi, Panaji, Raipur, Ranchi, Shillong, Shimla and Srinagar.

The bank has also two training colleges for its officers, viz. Reserve Bank Staff College at Chennai and College of Agricultural Banking at Pune. There are also four Zonal Training Centres at Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata and New Delhi.

Main functions

Bank of Issue

Under Section 22 of the Reserve Bank of India Act, the Bank has the sole right to issue bank notes of all denominations. The distribution of one rupee notes and coins and small coins all over the country is undertaken by the Reserve Bank as agent of the government. The Reserve Bank has a separate Issue Department which is entrusted with the issue of currency notes. The assets and liabilities of the Issue Department are kept separate from those of the Banking Department.

Monetary authority

The Reserve Bank of India is the main monetary authority of the country and beside that the central bank acts as the bank of the national and state governments. It formulates, implements and monitors the monetary policy as well as it has to ensure an adequate flow of credit to productive sectors.

Regulator and supervisor of the financial system

The institution is also the regulator and supervisor of the financial system and prescribes broad parameters of banking operations within which the country's banking and financial system functions. Its objectives are to maintain public confidence in the system, protect depositors' interest and provide cost-effective banking services to the public. The Banking Ombudsman Scheme has been formulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for effective addressing of complaints by bank customers. The RBI controls the monetary supply, monitors economic indicators like the gross domestic product and has to decide the design of the rupee banknotes as well as coins

Managerial of exchange control

The central bank manages to reach the goals of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999. Objective: to facilitate external trade and payment and promote orderly development and maintenance of foreign exchange market in India.

Issuer of currency

The bank issues and exchanges or destroys currency notes and coins that are not fit for circulation. The objectives are giving the public adequate supply of currency of good quality and to provide loans to commercial banks to maintain or improve the GDP. The basic objectives of RBI are to issue bank notes, to maintain the currency and credit system of the country to utilize it in its best advantage, and to maintain the reserves. RBI maintains the economic structure of the country so that it can achieve the objective of price stability as well as economic development, because both objectives are diverse in themselves.

Banker of Banks

RBI also works as a central bank where commercial banks are account holders and can deposit money.RBI maintains banking accounts of all scheduled banks. Commercial banks create credit. It is the duty of the RBI to control the credit through the CRR, bank rate and open market operations. As banker's bank, the RBI facilitates the clearing of cheques between the commercial banks and helps inter-bank transfer of funds. It can grant financial accommodation to schedule banks. It acts as the lender of the last resort by providing emergency advances to the banks. It supervises the functioning of the commercial banks and take action against it if need arises.

Detection Of Fake currency

In order to curb the fake currency menace, RBI has launched a website to raise awareness among masses about fake notes in the market.www.paisaboltahai.rbi.org.in provides information about identifying fake currency.

Developmental role

The central bank has to perform a wide range of promotional functions to support national objectives and industries. The RBI faces a lot of inter-sectoral and local inflation-related problems. Some of this problems are results of the dominant part of the public sector.

Related functions

The RBI is also a banker to the government and performs merchant banking function for the central and the state governments. It also acts as their banker. The National Housing Bank (NHB) was established in 1988 to promote private real estate acquisition. The institution maintains banking accounts of all scheduled banks, too. RBI on 7 August 2012 said that Indian banking system is resilient enough to face the stress caused by the drought like situation because of poor monsoon this year.

Policy rates and reserve ratios

Policy rates, Reserve ratios, lending, and deposit rates as of 19, March, 2013
Bank Rate	9.50%(20/09/2013)
Repo Rate	7.50%
Reverse Repo Rate	6.50%
Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)	4%
Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR)	23.0%
Base Rate	9.70%–10.25%
Reserve Bank Rate	4%
Deposit Rate	8.00%–9.0%

Bank Rate

RBI lends to the commercial banks through its discount window to help the banks meet depositor’s demands and reserve requirements for long term. The Interest rate the RBI charges the banks for this purpose is called bank rate. If the RBI wants to increase the liquidity and money supply in the market, it will decrease the bank rate and if RBI wants to reduce the liquidity and money supply in the system, it will increase the bank rate. As of 21 September, 2013, the bank rate was 9.5%.

Reserve requirement cash reserve ratio (CRR)

Every commercial bank has to keep certain minimum cash reserves with RBI. Consequent upon amendment to sub-Section 42(1), the Reserve Bank, having regard to the needs of securing the monetary stability in the country, RBI can prescribe Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) for scheduled banks without any floor rate or ceiling rate, [Before the enactment of this amendment, in terms of Section 42(1) of the RBI Act, the Reserve Bank could prescribe CRR for scheduled banks between 5% and 20% of total of their demand and time liabilities]. RBI uses this tool to increase or decrease the reserve requirement depending on whether it wants to effect a decrease or an increase in the money supply. An increase in Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) will make it mandatory on the part of the banks to hold a large proportion of their deposits in the form of deposits with the RBI. This will reduce the size of their deposits and they will lend less. This will in turn decrease the money supply. The current rate is 4.00%.. -25 basis points cut in Cash Reserve Ratio(CRR) on 17 September 2012, It will release Rs 17,000 crore into the system/Market. The RBI lowered the CRR by 25 basis points to 4.25% on 30 October 2012, a move it said would inject about 175 billion rupees into the banking system in order to pre-empt potentially tightening liquidity. The latest CRR as on 29/01/13 is 4%

Statutory Liquidity ratio (SLR)

Apart from the CRR, banks are required to maintain liquid assets in the form of gold, cash and approved securities. Higher liquidity ratio forces commercial banks to maintain a larger proportion of their resources in liquid form and thus reduces their capacity to grant loans and advances, thus it is an anti-inflationary impact. A higher liquidity ratio diverts the bank funds from loans and advances to investment in government and approved securities.

In well-developed economies, central banks use open market operations—buying and selling of eligible securities by central bank in the money market—to influence the volume of cash reserves with commercial banks and thus influence the volume of loans and advances they can make to the commercial and industrial sectors. In the open money market, government securities are traded at market related rates of interest. The RBI is resorting more to open market operations in the more recent years.

Generally RBI uses three kinds of selective credit controls:

1.   Minimum margins for lending against specific securities.

2.   Ceiling on the amounts of credit for certain purposes.

3.   Discriminatory rate of interest charged on certain types of advances.

Direct credit controls in India are of three types:

1.   Part of the interest rate structure i.e. on small savings and provident funds, are administratively set.

2.   Banks are mandatory required to keep 23% of their deposits in the form of government securities.

3.   Banks are required to lend to the priority sectors to the extent of 40% of their advances.